354 浏览糖，我们离不开的一种物质。但糖类家族中的个体差异，可谓天差地别。
用西医的话来说糖类，又称碳水化合物，是多羟基醛或多羟基酮及其缩聚物和某些衍生物的总称，一般由碳、氢与氧三种元素所组成，广布自然界。糖类的另一个名称“碳水化合物”的由来是生物化学家在先前发现某些糖类的分子式可写成Cn(H2O)m，故以为糖类是碳和水的化合物。
糖类为人体之重要的营养素，主要分成四大类：单糖、双糖、低聚糖和多糖，他们在生活上扮演着很重要的角色，像多糖可以被拿来当作储存养分的物质（如淀粉和糖原）或当作动物外骨骼和植物细胞的细胞壁（如：甲壳素和纤维素）；另外像是为五碳醛糖的核糖是构成各种辅因子不可或缺的物质（如ATP、FAD和NAD）也是一些遗传物质分子的骨干（如RNA）。
单糖是指像葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、五碳糖（核糖和脱氧核糖）等不能再水解的糖。分子式为C6H12O，因此也叫碳水化合物。双糖如麦芽糖、蔗糖（绵白糖）、乳糖等是由两分子单糖脱水缩合而成。因此分子式为CH22O11。
我们常见的是白砂糖，是绵白糖的一种。以绵白糖为主要成分的食用糖依据纯净度的由高到低又分成：老冰糖、白糖、白砂糖和赤砂糖(也称红糖或黑糖)。绵白糖被别人服用后，在肠胃中由转化酶转换成葡萄糖和葡萄糖，一部分葡萄糖伴随着血液循环系统运到全身各部，在体细胞中氧化分解，最终转化成二氧化碳和水并造成动能，为脑组织作用、身体的肌肉活动等出示动能并保持人体体温。
绵白糖能够提升机体ATP的生成，有益于碳水化合物的魅力与蛋白的生成。
食物中毒者，在沒有获得大夫救护时，可马上服食很多的白糖水，具有祛毒保肝的作用。绵白糖对肝病病人有提升肝的祛毒工作能力、推动肝脏修复、维护肝的作用。
传统中医观点，蔗糖是可以经常用来补充能量的糖（提示：任何食物能不能过度食用）。而且蔗糖可以治疗牙痛。当牙痛得厉害时，可以喝一口蔗糖水，含在嘴巴里，要不了多久，牙痛就会解除。但“人工糖”水适得其反，它在人体嘴巴里的味觉是甜味，到了胃里是酸味，一方面让牙痛越来越厉害，另一方面长久食用含有“人工糖”、“精炼糖”的食品饮料会出现脾胃的问题（木克土）。
Sugars are the most important nutrients in human body. They are mainly divided into four categories: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. They play a very important role in life. For example, polysaccharides can be used as materials for storing nutrients (such as starch and glycogen) or as cell walls of animal exoskeleton and plant cells (such as chitin and cellulose); In addition, ribose, for example, is an indispensable component of various cofactors (such as ATP, fad and NAD) and is also the backbone of some genetic material molecules (such as RNA).
Monosaccharides refer to sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose, five carbon sugar (ribose and deoxyribose) that cannot be hydrolyzed again. The molecular formula is C6H12O, so it is also called carbohydrate. Disaccharides such as maltose, sucrose (soft white sugar) and lactose are formed by dehydration and condensation of two molecules of monosaccharides. So the molecular formula is ch22o11.
We commonly use white granulated sugar, which is a kind of soft white sugar. The edible sugar with soft white sugar as the main component is divided into old rock sugar, white sugar, white granulated sugar and red granulated sugar (also known as brown sugar or black sugar) according to the purity from high to low. After being taken by others, cotton white sugar is converted into glucose and glucose by invertase in the intestines and stomach. A part of glucose is transported to all parts of the body along with the blood circulation system, oxidized and decomposed in the body cells, and finally converted into carbon dioxide and water and generated kinetic energy. It provides kinetic energy for brain tissue action and muscle activity of the body and maintains the body temperature.
Soft white sugar can enhance the production of ATP, which is beneficial to the charm of carbohydrate and the production of protein.
Food poisoning patients can take a lot of sugar water immediately without getting the doctor's help, which has the effect of detoxifying and protecting the liver. Soft white sugar can improve the detoxification ability of liver, promote liver repair and maintain liver for patients with liver diseases.
According to traditional Chinese medicine, sucrose is a sugar that can often be used to supplement energy (hint: can any food be overeated). And sucrose can treat toothache. When the toothache is severe, you can drink a mouthful of sugar cane water and put it in your mouth. After a while, the toothache will be relieved. However, "artificial sugar" water has the opposite effect. It tastes sweet in the mouth of the human body and sour in the stomach. On the one hand, it makes the toothache more and more severe. On the other hand, long-term consumption of food and drinks containing "artificial sugar" and "refined sugar" will cause spleen and stomach problems (Wood restricts earth).
